Traumatology and Orthopedics

The research goal is to optimize the algorithm of radial methods of investigation of early vertebral osteoporosis and vertebral compressive fractures in case of osteoporosis, as well as surgical tactics in vertebral compressive fractures, aggravated by osteoporosis. 220 postmenopausal women have been examined. 100 patients with compressive vertebral fractures and 120 patients without risk factors of compressive fractures were under study. 220 patients have received lateral spinal radiography and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. 60 patients with compressive vertebral fractures have been examined by quantitative computed tomography. Compressive fractures have been diagnosed in 20 men who suffered from osteoporosis. Statistical processing of received data has been performed. It has been concluded that the use of quantitative computed tomography has made possible to identify the reduction in bone mineralization with an increase in age of patients. When the difficulties in interpretation of clinical data and X-ray densitometry findings have been determined, quantitative computed tomography has occurred to be the method of choice. Quantitative computed tomography helps determine the degree of resorption of trabecular bone in vertebral bodies and prognose high risk of fractures. Surgeries have been performed in presence of osteoporosis which does not affect the stability of the structure.

Objective is to detect bone mineral density along the shin according to «Esperanto» levels by Hounsfield's scale. Materials and methods. The analysis of density modification in 25 patients with pseudoarthrosis of tibia with predominant localization in a lower one-third of bone has been carried out. Results. By means of computed tomography it has been revealed that the bone tissue density of the tibia in the process of false joint union when using the compressive variant of combined transosseous osteosynthesis has changed according to the regularity reproducing phase character of the accumulation of mineral substances in the bone. Conclution. The growth of mineral density of the bone tissue during treatment spreads in the directions from proximal and distal metaepiphyses to the zone of pseudoarthrosis knitting

In the literature review of modern data concerning mechanisms of formation and progression process of hip dysplasia in children is represented. The questions concerning classification, processes of morphological and functional (biochemical) change of osteocartilaginous components of hip in children with connective tissue dysplasia, changes of content of remodeling and skeletal system degradation markers, angiogenesis in the process of progression of pathological changes in joint are taken up

The review presents data about etiology and pathogenesis of cerebral palsy in children and its clinical manifestations. The effectiveness analysis of main surgical methods to correct equinus foot deformity in children with cerebral palsy has been conducted. The article comes to conclusion that at present surgical methods eliminating all pathologic deformity units are incompletely presented. In this connection high recurrence frequency after using traditional treatment methods is registered. Development of surgical intervention adequate to pathologic foot state in children with cerebral palsy is a perspective direction in treatment of given category of patients

90 patients with upper extremity fractures took part in the study. The injured patients were treated with rod and pin-and-rod type external fixation devices and by means of external immobilization. It was demonstrated that quality of life to the moment of device removal was 8-9 points higher in patients treated with pin type external fixation in comparison with pin-and-rod type. Quality of life was higher in patients with proximal upper extremity injuries

The aim of the research was to develop a new rehabilitation method for patients with congenital dislocation of hip in the late postoperative period. It is based on anatomical, physiological, pathogenetic, functional and ontogenetic foundations and prevents coxarthrosis development and progress. Materials. The data from examination and treatment of 71 patients are presented. The main group consisted of 48 children and the comparison group consisted of 23 children. Methods. Data processing was made by «Statistica 6,0» programme. Normalcy of distribution was estimated by the Shapiro-Wilktest. Hypothesis proof of two means equality was provided by the Wilcoxon signed-ranktest. Correlation analysis was made by definition of the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Spearman»s rank correlation coefficient. Rate difference was considered as a reliable rate if p

The article deals with the history of transosseous osteosynthesis introduction in SarNIITO clinics. The contribution of doctors and scientists to development of this technique is reproduced in the chronological order. Prospects and place of hardware-based technique of treatment of injuries and diseases of musculoskeletal system are contemplated

The given report concerns the method of surgical treatment of vertebral body splintered fractures. The surgery is presented by transpedicular fixation of an injured part and allows to perform reduction of body fragments of the injured vertebra. Simplicity of technical performance and efficiency of the technique explain its practical value

The article presents research data on immunoglobulin concentration of M, G, A classes in blood serum in 15 patients with bronchopulmonary complications during acute and early periods of trauma in cervical spine. Control group consisted of 15 healthy donors - volunteers. Concentration dynamics of levels of lg M, lg G, lg A in the blood serum on the 1st-4th, 7th, 14th, 21st and 30th days was studied. Hardphase method of immune analysis based on the «sandwich» principle was used. It was stated that hypogammoglobulinemia lasted during the whole acute period of spinal cord injury

Purpose: to compare traditional and miniinvasive approaches to total knee replacement.
145 patients were divided in four groups. In 1 group (50 pts) we used medial parapatellar approach, 2 group (30 pts) - lateral parapatellar approach, 3 group (34 pts) - midvastus approach, 4 group (31 pts) - Q-S approach. All replacements were done by one experienced surgeon. Intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery, results of KSS and quality of positioning of implants were measured. Mininvasive approaches to knee replacement showed decreased blood loss, improved functional results and positioning was as much perfect, as with traditional approach. Mininvasive knee replacement is very effective, but it should be performed by experienced surgeon